AMD64 Software Optimization
This guide provides optimization information and recommendation for the AMD Athlon™ 64 and AMD Opteron™ processors. These optimizations are designed to yield software code that is fast, compact, and efficient.
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AMD64 BIOS and Kernel Developer's Guide
The BIOS and Kernel Developer's Guide for the AMD Athlon™ 64 and AMD Opteron™ Processors is intended for programmers involved in the development of low-level BIOS (basic input/output system) functions, drivers, and operating system kernel modules. This guide covers the implementation-specific features of AMD Athlon 64 and AMD Opteron processors, as opposed to architectural features.
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AMD64 Architecture Programmer's Manual Volume 1:
Application Programming
Content covered in Volume 1 includes:
- Register details
- 64-bit and legacy mode instruction summary
- Operands
- 64-bit and 128-bit Media instructions
- x87 Floating-point instructions
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AMD64 Architecture Programmer's Manual Volume 2:
System Programming
Volume 2 provides in-depth coverage of system details of interest to BIOS and kernel developers, as well as to those interested in general system architecture.
- Differences between x86-64 and x86 architectures
- Memory and memory management
- Operating modes
- System resources
- Exceptions and interrupts
- Machine check mechanism
- Debug and performance monitoring
- Processor initialization
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AMD64 Architecture Programmer's Manual Volume 3:
General-Purpose and System Instructions
Volume 3 includes comprehensive coverage of:
- Legacy and 64-bit integer instructions
- x86-64 system programming instructions
- Microprocessor exceptions
- Condition flags affected
- Instruction opcode mappings
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AMD64 Architecture Programmer's Manual Volume 4:
128-Bit Media Instructions
Volume 4 provides detailed coverage of the operation and usage of the 128-bit instructions used most widely for the development of scientific and media applications. Content covered in Volume 4 includes:
- XMM instructions, originally introduced as SSE and SSE2 instructions used extensively in scientific applications and media.
- XMM condition flags affected
- Microprocessor exceptions generated
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AMD64 Architecture Programmer's Manual Volume 5:
64-Bit Media and x87 Floating-Point Instructions
Volume 5 of the AMD64 Architecture Programmer's Manual includes comprehensive details of the 64-bit media and legacy x87 floating-point Instructions.
Volume 5 covers:
- 64-bit MMX Instructions
- 3DNow! Instructions
- x87 Floating-Point Instructions
- x87 and 64-bit media exceptions
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AMD Opteron in High Performance Computing (IDC)
This white paper considers the AMD Opteron. processor’s entry into the high-end standard processor arena in light of requirements for high-performance systems markets. The paper provides a thumbnail sketch of the processor and highlights
several features of the processor that may be of particular interest to HPC users. It presents a brief case study of the ASCI Red Storm development project . a high-end specialized system based on the Opteron processors. Finally, it provides IDC’s
analysis of the opportunity for standard processors in the HPC market as well as the challenges and opportunities for AMD in the market.
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AMD Opteron Processor Benchmarked for Clustered Systems
This paper examines AMD Opteron™ processor performance across a suite of industry standard benchmarks. The metrics reflect the AMD Opteron processor’s unique architecture, which balances bandwidth with outstanding computing performance to deliver true scalability for HPC applications.
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Porting Windows® Device Drivers to AMD64 Architecture
This white paper is divided into two sections. The first section presents the AMD64 processor features that are enabled when running on 64-bit Windows®. Second, it discusses the tools and present a checklist for porting your driver to 64-bit Windows for the AMD64 platform.
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Porting x86 Linux device drivers to AMD64 Technology
The AMD64 instruction set architecture is a 64-bit extension of the x86 instruction set. AMD64 processors can run in longmode, with AMD64 instructions and 64 bit registers and addressing, or in compatibility mode, with x86 instructions and 32 bit registers and addressing. Although the processor can schedule processes to run in compatibility mode while the operating system runs in long mode, a single process cannot have both x86 and AMD64 code segments linked together, nor can a single process run in both long and compatibility modes. This means that the AMD64 Linux kernel cannot use x86 drivers unless the drivers are recompiled to the AMD64 architecture. This paper provides code samples and instruction on porting x86 device drivers to AMD64 on Linux.
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AMD64 High Performance Computing
This document provides essential technical updates and tutorials on AMD64 technology, x86 in high-performance computing plus specific AMD Opteron™ performance-enhancing features.
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Coding for OpenGL
NVIDIA’s Cass Everitt presents GPUs designed for high-performance computing
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EnFuzion - HPC management software by Axceleon
Resource management software for cluster and grid computing. EnFuzion seamlessly integrates heterogeneous systems to work as a powerful single system.

LSF - Cluster management software by Platform Computing
AMD and Platform Computing collaborated to port Platform LSF software to Linux long before the market moved to Linux. AMD's Platform LSF-based cluster manager systems are commodity-based systems, using off-the-shelf hardware and network connectivity.

MKS Toolkit for Enterprise Developers
MKS Toolkit for Enterprise Developers 64-bit Edition simplifies the migration of 32-bit and 64-bit UNIX applications to 64-bit Windows enabling customers to deploy their UNIX/Linux applications on both Extended Architecture (i.e. AMD64) and Itanium-based platforms.

Myrinet Software
Myrinet PCI-X interfaces (eg., PCIXD, PCIXE) are compatible with AMD Opteron processor (x86-64/AMD64) hosts on Linux and Windows.

PGI® CDK Cluster Development Kit™ Software for Linux
Linux cluster development tools for 32-bit x86 AMD Athlon XP™ and 64-bit AMD64 (AMD Opteron™) processor-based systems. The PGI CDK Cluster Development Kit contains all the software development and cluster management tools needed to get a Linux cluster running production applications.